{"id":427,"date":"2026-05-23T07:56:20","date_gmt":"2026-05-23T07:56:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/?page_id=427"},"modified":"2026-09-01T08:26:07","modified_gmt":"2026-09-01T08:26:07","slug":"fortifications","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/?page_id=427","title":{"rendered":"Fortifications"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a name=\"_Toc239149494\"><\/a>La construction de l&rsquo;Enceinte de Thiers<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/btv1b84949479\/f1.item.r=parisfortifications%20paris%20fortifications.zoom#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-791 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/1849-Paris-Fauchet-BNF.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"320\" height=\"239\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/1849-Paris-Fauchet-BNF.jpg 841w, https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/1849-Paris-Fauchet-BNF-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/1849-Paris-Fauchet-BNF-768x573.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>1841-1844<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>La d\u00e9cision<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Initi\u00e9e par Adolphe Thiers (pr\u00e9sident du Conseil de Louis-Philippe), cette derni\u00e8re enceinte bastionn\u00e9e est construite pour prot\u00e9ger la capitale d&rsquo;\u00e9ventuelles invasions \u00e9trang\u00e8res.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"><span data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\">L&rsquo;ouvrage colossal<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Longue de <strong data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\">33 kilom\u00e8tres<\/strong>, elle englobe Paris et plusieurs communes limitrophes (comme Belleville, Montmartre ou Bercy).<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"><span data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\">La structure<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Elle se compose d&rsquo;un rempart en ma\u00e7onnerie, d&rsquo;un foss\u00e9 sec de 15 m\u00e8tres de large, d&rsquo;une contre-escarpe et d&rsquo;un glacis en pente douce (la future \u00ab\u00a0Zone\u00a0\u00bb).<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"><span data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\">Les acc\u00e8s<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Le passage se fait par <strong data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\">52 portes<\/strong>, 17 poternes et des grilles pour les voies ferr\u00e9es et les fleuves.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a name=\"_Toc239149495\"><\/a>La naissance du \u00ab\u00a0Vrai Paris\u00a0\u00bb<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/btv1b530997787\/f1.item.r=parisfortifications%20paris%20fortifications.zoom#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-792 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/1854-Paris-Henriot-BnF.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"320\" height=\"220\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/1854-Paris-Henriot-BnF.jpg 1110w, https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/1854-Paris-Henriot-BnF-300x207.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/1854-Paris-Henriot-BnF-1024x706.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/1854-Paris-Henriot-BnF-768x529.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"><span data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\">1859<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>L&rsquo;annexion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Napol\u00e9on III d\u00e9cide d&rsquo;annexer toutes les communes situ\u00e9es \u00e0 l&rsquo;int\u00e9rieur des Fortifs.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>Les 20 arrondissements<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">C&rsquo;est la naissance des limites actuelles des 20 arrondissements parisiens. Les fortifications deviennent la fronti\u00e8re officielle et fiscale (octroi) de la ville.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a name=\"_Toc239149496\"><\/a>Le bapt\u00eame du feu<\/h1>\n<p><strong>1870<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>Le si\u00e8ge de Paris<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Pendant la guerre franco-prussienne, les Fortifs subissent leur unique grand test. Elles permettent \u00e0 la ville de r\u00e9sister \u00e0 un blocus de 4 mois face aux arm\u00e9es allemandes.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"><span data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\">L&rsquo;obsolescence imm\u00e9diate<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Les progr\u00e8s fulgurants de l&rsquo;artillerie (canons \u00e0 longue port\u00e9e) prouvent d\u00e8s cette date que les remparts de pierre sont devenus inutiles pour prot\u00e9ger une population.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a name=\"_Toc239149497\"><\/a>Le d\u00e9mant\u00e8lement et \u00ab\u00a0La Zone\u00a0\u00bb<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"><span data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\">1919-1929<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>La destruction<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Une loi d\u00e9cr\u00e8te le d\u00e9classement et la d\u00e9molition des fortifications, jug\u00e9es insalubres et inutiles. Les travaux d&rsquo;arase s&rsquo;\u00e9talent sur dix ans.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"><span data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\">La Zone<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Le glacis militaire devient un terrain vague o\u00f9 s&rsquo;installent les populations les plus pauvres, les chiffonniers et les ouvriers. Cet espace de mis\u00e8re et de libert\u00e9 donne naissance au mot <strong data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\">\u00ab Zonard \u00bb<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"><span data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\">Les HBM<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u00c0 la place des remparts, la ville construit des Habitations \u00e0 Bon March\u00e9 (les immeubles en briques rouges visibles aujourd&rsquo;hui) et des complexes sportifs.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a name=\"_Toc239149498\"><\/a>Post\u00e9rit\u00e9 : L&rsquo;h\u00e9ritage routier<\/h1>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"><span data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\">Le P\u00e9riph\u00e9rique<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Entre 1956 et 1973, l&#8217;emplacement exact du foss\u00e9 et des remparts des Fortifs est utilis\u00e9 pour construire le <strong data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\">Boulevard P\u00e9riph\u00e9rique<\/strong>. Les \u00ab\u00a0Portes de Paris\u00a0\u00bb actuelles (Porte de Maillot, Porte d&rsquo;Italie) correspondent pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment aux anciennes portes fortifi\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\"><span data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\">Les vestiges subsistants<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 40px;\">Quelques rares morceaux de remparts sont encore visibles aujourd&rsquo;hui, notamment dans le <span data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: &quot;Google Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(230, 232, 240);\">parc Kellermann (13e arrondissement) ou pr\u00e8s de la Porte de Bercy (12e arrondissement).<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La construction de l&rsquo;Enceinte de Thiers 1841-1844 La d\u00e9cision Initi\u00e9e par Adolphe Thiers (pr\u00e9sident du Conseil de Louis-Philippe), cette derni\u00e8re enceinte bastionn\u00e9e est construite pour prot\u00e9ger la capitale d&rsquo;\u00e9ventuelles invasions \u00e9trang\u00e8res. L&rsquo;ouvrage colossal Longue de 33 kilom\u00e8tres, elle englobe Paris et plusieurs communes limitrophes (comme Belleville, Montmartre ou Bercy). La structure Elle se compose d&rsquo;un [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-427","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/427","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=427"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/427\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":796,"href":"https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/427\/revisions\/796"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.leparisdavant.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=427"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}